Manage the Cultural Differences while Working with People from other Cu

Nowadays, as we all notice that the world is getting flatter. more(prenominal) and more people are getting the chance to work with people from other culture. It is not only limited to the people from the developed countries like Americans and Europeans. pile in the developing countries are also open to the opportunity to work with people from other culture. Understanding that culture difference is heavily rooted in peoples everyday behavior is only the first step to get to work with people. Coping the way foreigners do with the local culture is the cay point to be successful in working with people from other culture. Mis dread the culture and behavioral difference can lead to problems and alienation, even confrontation, mingled with colleagues and ultimately the collapse of partnership. Being self-centered and refusing to social with the local culture would also lead to the failure eventually.When people from the unalike culture meet or a person goes to a different country, they are expecting to have a culture clash, which includes the communication, leadership and organization and etc. The communication problem would the language barrier, precisely most time it is more than just the language difficulties. How to get the message across can vary and greatly impact the communication. In the video, Building the transnational Team, it clearly shows that everybody can speak the same international English, but everyone understanding one another is the challenge. First, when the native English speaker talking with another non-native speaker, if he or she speaks too fast and uses slang terms, the non-native speaker would totally get lost and feel frustrated. Like in the video, Luis from Spain who speaks English but has limited understanding of ... ... will help people from different culture work efficiently together. The change would be in communication, leadership and organization. In the video, five people lastly realize that they have to manage the culture d ifference before they can talk about business. They figure out the way to have a wear out communication by using simple English and also they could like to phone call and fax both to satisfy people from different culture. Furthermore, strategical change will be implemented which means to adapt or create organization policies which take into account cultural differences. Particular attention should be paid to policies or programs that have been developed to meet the requirements of one culture and are then imposed internationally. The key thing to work with people from different culture is to manage the cultural difference and cope to different cultures.

The Great American Experiment Essay -- U.S. Politics

Yes we can, the rallying cry for the democratic candidate in the 2008 elections could be seen as a foreshadowing of what was to come. That candidate went on to win the election by nearly a 7 point margin, partially thanks to an overall higher elector turnout especially amongst the Hispanic, black and young demographics. Barack Obamas 2008 victory is an example of how concentrating on voter turnout can lead to great success. In the commove of such a clear indication of the electromotive force power of an increased voter turnout, one would assume that both parties would be doing everything they can to build on that trend this however whitethorn not be the case.Does each party want higher turnout?Since nearly the beginning of our nation, the idea of higher voter turnout to elections has been a pet cause of one politician or another each assuming such an increase would be to their benefit. This idea cannot be claimed by any one party either, as it shifts with the very political tides that guide much of politics. Usually it is the party out of power that perceives the greatest potential benefit in increasing turnout, and thus, changing the structure of the electorate. This pattern, however, has seemed to break apart in the latest elections.A new-fangled strategy has come into view recently, which may result in actually reversing the trend of increasing the electorate outright. So far in 2011, 14 states have enacted 19 new laws and 2 executive orders placing new restrictions on voting and registration, which could diminish voter turnout in 2012 (Weiser and Norden 2011). These laws cover a wide array of issues ranging from restrictive voter registration and voter id laws, to level reducing the days which people were able to vote. The Brennan Center for Jus... ...n the multitude of ways both parties have to directly target and promote the turnout of their bases, there is no need for such retroactive tactics. We should all work towards improving participation in t his great American experiment.BibliographyGinsberg, Benjamin, Theodore J Lowi, and Margaret Weir. We The People, an introduction to american politics. New York W. W. Norton & Co Ltd, 2011Latinos for Reform. Dont Vote Latinos For Reform. October 18, 2010. http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=QKFAiMbm1FcU.S. Census Bureau. Newsroom Voter Turnout Increases by 5 Million in 2008 Presidential Election. July 20, 2009. http//www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/voting/cb09-110.htmlWeiser, Wendy R, and lawfulnessrence Norden. Voting Law Changes in 2012. Brennan Center for Justice. 10 3, 2011. http//www.brennancenter.org/content/resource/voting_law_changes_in_2012

Down with Downloading Essay -- Music Downloads Technology Essays

Down with DownloadingThroughout the whole time when you were able to gain access to free downloadable practice of medicine, you drive home been able to by afford the purchasing of music, but has it been morally right? People always insist that download is great, but are you thinking of who youre talking it from. The artists are the ones losing thither money as well as positive recognition. Musicians should obviously get a cut as should small record stores who are obviously red to lose out when the big chains all get together on this (newsfactor.com). Also, the factor that you have to pay for theses programs, you mine as well go to the store and but them yourself. Everyone likes to download, but sometime you can only get one song, what if you want the whole album. And lately there have been numerous viruses, and programs that have been affected from using these downloading sites. Bugs in software are common and most can be fixed with patches, but peer-to-peer technology can be ri skier (http//www.ecommercetimes.com/perl/ humbug/11667.html).After, reading several studies on the downloading process, many artists have been affected in the past. Madonna, Elton John, Eminem, Brittany Spears, Nelly, India Arie, Ludacris and Sheryl Crow among them -- in an upcoming TV ad campaign to persuade younker people to stop downloading music from the Internet (http//www.accessatlanta.com/ajc/ animateness/music/0902/27piracy.html) They have clearly been hurt financially, even though they are financially stable. It is the honor system, and excessively the freedom of giving access to your music. A huge percentage of the artists make money through selling the CDs and selling music memorabilia. If we were victorious away from this, more(prenominal) and more people will take the free music ... ... published for this agenda. If I had just a little bit more time, I believe that is penning could indeed be a little bit better, also if I did surveys and things of that nature I c ould find the real peoples perspective. Overall, this paper seemed to be not as stressful as the first because the first paper lacked information and quotes. Celebrity TV ads will fight music downloading ajc.com. 9-27-02 http//www.accessatlanta.com/ajc/living/music/0902/27piracy.htmlBad News Keeps on Coming for Napster UsersBy Tim McDonald. Part of the News Factor Network. June 29, 2001http//www.ecommercetimes.com/perl/story/11667.htmlwww.musicunited.comCelebrity TV ads will fight music downloading ajc.com. 9-27-02http//www.accessatlanta.comDewalt, Mike ed. Through internet downloading, Microsoft Encyclopedia 2002 CD-ROM. New York, New York

Essay --

Democratic societies are those who allow individuals to participate in the decision making process, in addition to recognizing and pr make cogitateicing the human rights. The majority of the elected societies recognize the right to vote as a fundamental human right in accordance with the European Union on Human rights act 1998 protocol 1, part 2, article 3, which acknowledges the right of each individual to vote and without excluding any particular person. Despite this, many countries including the United Kingdom, embargo prisoners from practicing this right and believe in their disenfranchisement. Currently, there is an on going debate concerning the United Kingdoms breach of the Humans right act in light of the persona of Hirst v United Kingdom (74025/01) which has forced the UK to reconsider its position. Banning prisoners from voting contradicts democracy and violations the human rights act. This paper will focus on analyzing a come up of different arguments concerning this matter.The United Kingdoms stance on the disenfranchisement of prisoners was clearly expressed in the Representati...

Equality: The Destination Yet To Be Reached :: essays research papers

He had a stargaze. Does anything else come to mind when you mention the one and further Martin Luther King younger? For to the highest degree people, probably non. The truth is, King was recognized primarily for his dream. And why not? It was a good dream, one that promoted peace and equality. It was the dream that was thought to have united the black and white communities, the dream that made America aw atomic number 18 of a problem, and the dream that ultimately led to his demise. Let me posit you a question Would King be happy to see how far his dream has come? get int answer so quickly. Instead, let us ponderToday, there is coracial education. Afri heap Americans are in every U.S. school its not uncommon. Blacks and whites can dine together at neighboring tables at any restaurant. Anyone to utter the word nigger is most definitely punished in the harshest form. Caucasians are not considered to be better than their darker friends in any way, shape, or form. Of the ignorant bigoted percentage of the population, whites consider blacks every bit as strong and honorable as themselves. Our schools even hold assemblies to reprimand racism, targeting these horribly self-emulating whites. For the most part, blacks have surpassed the label of lower class, or uneducated, or secondary citizens. For the most part, African Americans have overcome. just have they surpassed and overcame even equality itself? Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. fought for equality goes both ways. Just as it is unthinkable to ordinate a white person preceding(prenominal) a black person, it should be unthinkable to place a black above a white. Perhaps it is the white communitys guilt or regret for years of oppression that accounts for this, but there is a growing amount of change by reversal racism in our country today. There are more(prenominal) cases where blacks are being case-hardened differently, being treated special, simply because they are a few shades darker. White children have less oppertunities as a result of this. This is discrimination based on grate color. Is this not racism? The very racism King fought against?If we are all to be treated equally, as stated by our own government, then why is our government promoting the defiance of this very law? Colleges all across our country are responsible for practicing reversed racism. Because of their desire to accept students within a minority, they are in fact excluding many more qualified white students from their education services.Equality The Destination Yet To Be Reached essays research papers He had a dream. Does anything else come to mind when you mention the one and only Martin Luther King Jr.? For most people, probably not. The truth is, King was recognized primarily for his dream. And why not? It was a good dream, one that promoted peace and equality. It was the dream that was thought to have united the black and white communities, the dream that made America aware of a problem, and the dream t hat ultimately led to his demise. Let me ask you a question Would King be happy to see how far his dream has come? Dont answer so quickly. Instead, let us ponderToday, there is coracial education. African Americans are in every U.S. school its not uncommon. Blacks and whites can dine together at neighboring tables at any restaurant. Anyone to utter the word nigger is most definitely punished in the harshest form. Caucasians are not considered to be better than their darker friends in any way, shape, or form. Of the ignorant bigoted percentage of the population, whites consider blacks every bit as strong and honorable as themselves. Our schools even hold assemblies to reprimand racism, targeting these horribly self-emulating whites. For the most part, blacks have surpassed the label of lower class, or uneducated, or secondary citizens. For the most part, African Americans have overcome.But have they surpassed and overcame even equality itself? Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. fought for e quality goes both ways. Just as it is unthinkable to place a white person above a black person, it should be unthinkable to place a black above a white. Perhaps it is the white communitys guilt or regret for years of oppression that accounts for this, but there is a growing amount of reversed racism in our country today. There are more cases where blacks are being treated differently, being treated special, simply because they are a few shades darker. White children have less oppertunities as a result of this. This is discrimination based on skin color. Is this not racism? The very racism King fought against?If we are all to be treated equally, as stated by our own government, then why is our government promoting the defiance of this very law? Colleges all across our country are responsible for practicing reversed racism. Because of their desire to accept students within a minority, they are in fact excluding many more qualified white students from their education services.

Equality: The Destination Yet To Be Reached :: essays research papers

He had a romance. Does anything else come to mind when you mention the one and save Martin Luther King younger? For closely people, probably non. The truth is, King was recognized primarily for his dream. And why non? It was a good dream, one that promoted peace and equality. It was the dream that was thought to have united the black and white communities, the dream that made America aw be of a problem, and the dream that ultimately led to his demise. Let me look you a question Would King be happy to see how far his dream has come? dresst answer so quickly. Instead, let us ponderToday, in that location is coracial education. Afri rear Americans are in every U.S. school its not uncommon. Blacks and whites can dine together at neighboring tables at any restaurant. Anyone to utter the word nigger is most definitely punished in the harshest form. Caucasians are not considered to be better than their darker friends in any way, shape, or form. Of the ignorant bigoted percentage of the population, whites consider blacks every bit as strong and honorable as themselves. Our schools even hold assemblies to reprimand racism, targeting these horribly self-emulating whites. For the most part, blacks have surpassed the label of lower class, or uneducated, or secondary citizens. For the most part, African Americans have overcome. yet have they surpassed and overcame even equality itself? Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. fought for equality goes both ways. Just as it is unthinkable to site a white person higher up a black person, it should be unthinkable to place a black above a white. Perhaps it is the white communitys guilt or regret for years of oppression that accounts for this, but there is a growing amount of reversed racism in our country today. There are more(prenominal) cases where blacks are being inured differently, being treated special, simply because they are a few shades darker. White children have less oppertunities as a result of this. This is discrim ination based on pelt color. Is this not racism? The very racism King fought against?If we are all to be treated equally, as stated by our own government, then why is our government promoting the defiance of this very law? Colleges all across our country are responsible for practicing reversed racism. Because of their desire to accept students within a minority, they are in fact excluding many more qualified white students from their education services.Equality The Destination Yet To Be Reached essays research papers He had a dream. Does anything else come to mind when you mention the one and only Martin Luther King Jr.? For most people, probably not. The truth is, King was recognized primarily for his dream. And why not? It was a good dream, one that promoted peace and equality. It was the dream that was thought to have united the black and white communities, the dream that made America aware of a problem, and the dream that ultimately led to his demise. Let me ask you a questio n Would King be happy to see how far his dream has come? Dont answer so quickly. Instead, let us ponderToday, there is coracial education. African Americans are in every U.S. school its not uncommon. Blacks and whites can dine together at neighboring tables at any restaurant. Anyone to utter the word nigger is most definitely punished in the harshest form. Caucasians are not considered to be better than their darker friends in any way, shape, or form. Of the ignorant bigoted percentage of the population, whites consider blacks every bit as strong and honorable as themselves. Our schools even hold assemblies to reprimand racism, targeting these horribly self-emulating whites. For the most part, blacks have surpassed the label of lower class, or uneducated, or secondary citizens. For the most part, African Americans have overcome.But have they surpassed and overcame even equality itself? Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. fought for equality goes both ways. Just as it is unthinkable to place a white person above a black person, it should be unthinkable to place a black above a white. Perhaps it is the white communitys guilt or regret for years of oppression that accounts for this, but there is a growing amount of reversed racism in our country today. There are more cases where blacks are being treated differently, being treated special, simply because they are a few shades darker. White children have less oppertunities as a result of this. This is discrimination based on skin color. Is this not racism? The very racism King fought against?If we are all to be treated equally, as stated by our own government, then why is our government promoting the defiance of this very law? Colleges all across our country are responsible for practicing reversed racism. Because of their desire to accept students within a minority, they are in fact excluding many more qualified white students from their education services.

How Successful Were Immigration Schemes in the British, French and Spanish Territories

How successful were immigration designs in the British, french and Spanish territories? afterwards the freedom of the slaves, it was very difficult for planters to obtain a successful force back force. at that place were not enough people to lend on the orchards and also planters effectuate it difficult to control their remaining exertion. As a issuance planters were at a loss. Immigration was introduced in the hope of fixing the labor problems of the planters. Although some colonies flourished, others failed horribly. There were three main territories in that era. The British soil utilise many schemes.They used the European, Portuguese, African, Chinese and Indian schemes. First was the European scheme. European labor was import chiefly by the British colony Jamaica in order to increase its white population as well as providing plantation labor at the same time. Robert Greenwood and Shirley Hamber state that between 1834 and 1838, thousands of Scots, Irish and a few hu ndred Germans came to Jamaica. However that scheme failed tremendously as most Europeans died because the lacked immunity to tropical diseases and others refused to work when they saw what they had to do and understood that it was the work of blacks.Even so, the Jamaican government tried this scheme again in 1841, importing more whites from Britain. Yet again, the scheme failed as most Europeans died n others asked to be repatriated. Finally the governments were convinced that labor from northern Europe was a hopeless prospect. Secondly, the British territory used the Madeiran scheme. It began in Madeira which is a Portuguese island in the Atlantic off the coast of morocco. Greenwood and Hamber state that these laborers were paid 3 to 4 pence a day and were pull outed to higher wages and prospects in the western Indies. The importations of the Mandeiran people began in 1835, but were suspended in 1839 because the British government was examining the conduct and morality of the s chemes. The scheme began again in 1841 on an official fundament where large numbers went to British Guiana until 1848 when the scheme was suspended again. It resumed in 1850 but not on a large scale. Mandeiran immigration lasted from 1835-1882 with a total of 36,000 immigrants to the B. W. I. It was an inadequate scheme as it was irregular, it had a high death-rate of new arrivals and most Mandeirans especially in British Guiana went into trading as soon as possible.Thirdly was the African immigration scheme. In 1841, importation of Africans from Sierra Leone, the Kru coast, St. Helena and those rescued from slave ships began. The scheme lasted from 1841-1862. It was very popular at first but declined after the 1850s mainly for twain reasons. The first reason was because chartered ships were used to carry the emigrants from Africa which made them think it was slavery all over again. The second reason was because the agents in atomic number 74 Africa doubtless lured the Africans with false promises of money and land.As soon as news of the conditions of the West Indies leaked back, it was hard to attract the Africans. Fourthly was the Chinese immigration scheme. At first it was difficult to attract Chinese immigrants to the B. W. I. for example when Trinidad attempted to import some Chinese, few arrived and they either refused to work or were unsuitable. A large scale of Chinese immigration began in 1852 from the Portuguese colony of Macao. These immigrants were only male convicts or prisoners of war. Therefore in 1859 a family immigration scheme was started.By having Chinese women immigrants less jealousy arose on the plantations. This scheme was more successful however, there was deception caused by agents in false promises about repatriation and also the nature of work. Moreover, Chinese immigrants were teentsy farmers and market gardeners, not plantation workers. This scheme suffered many problems for example since china was not a British colony, the B ritish government could only try to persuade the Chinese government to free emigration. Finally was the Indian immigration scheme.The year 1838 was the arrival date of Indians to the B. W. I however, it was suspended by the Indian government in the same year because of contumely of the Indians and also Indians were not being paid the promised wages. This scheme resumed in 1844 and lasted until 1917. This scheme was generally successful throughout the B. W. I because Indians were a cheap source of labor and were able to adapt to plantation life well. The French also tried to meet their labor needs. They used the immigration schemes of Regional, Europeans and Indian.First they tried regional immigration. Rosamunde Renard shared the think that among the first immigrant workers introduced in Guadeloupe were those brought from the British West Indies (B. W. I). Approximately, they imported eighty Madeiran and seventy blacks from the British colonies. However, this immigration attempt was failed because that was a bad set of laborers. They also tried the European immigration scheme. Rosamunde Renard states that the governor general of Martinique allocated a fund of 100,000 francs to facilitate European immigration to the colonies. The government prepared themselves to support European immigration at the rate of 250 francs per adult and 150 francs per child. Even so, this scheme was not successful at the end because Europeans contracted diseases easily and planters argued that they were not fit for plantation work. blow to that, planters argued that European immigration had two positive effects it brought the native workers back to the plantations and also brought down wages. Finally they tried Indian immigration schemes.Indians were a great source of labor and Martinique and Guadeloupe showed high demands for this scheme. However the French were faced with problems. Since Indians were controlled through the British it was difficult acquire such a labor force. M oreover French planters argued that priority was always given to the British recruiters and they got inferior immigrant laborers. It was also argued that Indian immigration was seen as a vital part to the recovery of the French West Indies. The final territory was that of the Spanish.They used the African, Chinese, European immigration scheme. First was the African scheme. It was a source of inexpensive labor. However, this scheme was done illegally because they used slaves. They move illegal Africans to Havana. This scheme did not last long. Africans grew resistant to work. Moreover, they used the Chinese immigration scheme. One can argue that this is what they are most notorious for. Chinese immigration was another source of cheap labor. The first Chinese contract workers were brought to Cuba in June, 1847.After the group arrived, the scheme was suspended for six years due to transnational prospects and other difficulties. Mary Turner states that between 1847 and 1874, a period conceding with 10 years of the transatlantic slave trade, 125,000 Chinese were landed in Cuba. Their contracts were offered for sale. Chinese workers were contracted for eight years for about four (4) pesos a month for men and three (3) pesos a month for women. Even so, the scheme failed because the laborers were un-disciplined because of desertion and absenteeism.Furthermore they used the European immigration scheme. Lucia Lamounier states that white immigration was first sought mainly to counteract the growing black slave population. There were expectations that Europeans settlers were to become industrious, independent small landholders, providing a racial balance and political stability. However, the European immigrants were expensive and were unsuitable for plantation work. When Europeans noticed that methods used on plantations were like that of slavery, they refused to work. As a result this scheme was unsuccessful.In conclusion the immigration schemes used by all three terr itories was not entirely successful because not every scheme for each territory occurred without having any serious problems in which the planters could recover easily from. As a result, immigration was successful to a certain extent. Bibliography Hilary Beckles, Verone Shepherd, Caribbean freedom economy and society from emancipation from the past to present, London J Curry publishers1993 Robert Greenwood, Shirley Hamber, emancipation to emigration book 2, Macmillan publishers limited 2003.Lucia Lamounier- Between Slavery and Free labor Early experiments with free labor and Patterns of Slave Emancipation in Brazil and Cuba In Mary turner (Ed) From Chattel slaves to Wage Slaves the Dynamics of labor bargaining in the Americas. Rosamunde Renard Immigration and the dent ship in the French West Indies, 1848-1870 In Hilary Beckles, Verone Shepherd, Caribbean freedom economy and society from emancipation from the past to present, London J Curry publishers1993

Harimann International Essay

Executive SummaryVikram Dhawan is the president of Harimann international that he established in May of 1990. Vikram established the patronage in an trend to fund his impending Masters in Business Administration in the United States. The business is located in Delhi, India where tax incentives are offered for business who exportation goods and materials to targeted countries including Japan, Canada, and France. Incentives in India include no tax on goods shipped to target countries, incentives on shipments exceeding 150,000 INR, partial rebated duties taxes on raw materials imported for the use of exported goods, cash incentives, and evidence renewals for materials used in production. Harimann planetary in its first year, 1990, focused on the exporting of linen household goods. Business was slow and clams were low until 1991 when a particular type of hand-embroidered table linen became very popular. Sales and orders increased.Dhawan was then faced with the in office to rely on his supplier after the demand exceeded their ability to provide material need for the impending orders. Dhawan then established a sulfur manufacturing facility employing all over 100 employees and producing an average of 1,000 garments a day. In January of 1992 whizz of Harimann worldwides first clients Pioneer Trading Company requested samples and later placed an order with Harimann for six styles of garments. The order well exceeded the 150,000 INR requirements and qualified for former(a) incentives provided by the Indian government. Pioneer Trading Company also placed a stipulation on the order that it had to be provided by the deadline of April 6th. This deadline would give Harimann International about two months to fulfill the order. Placing the order would allow Harimann to make a large profit, but also allow him to continue to employ workers for an extend plosive of time that would be furloughed in other cases.Decision ProblemWhat should Harimann International choose to do? Should they accept the order and potentially make a high school profit deal, continue the relationship with Pioneer Trading Company, and benefit Harimann International employees or deny the deal and not suffer the potential for a lack by not meeting the April 6 deadline established by Pioneer Trading Company?Analysis of the Industry and the CompanyTextile production and flip-flop is the leading industry in India. According to India Brand Equity Foundation (ibef.org) the fabric industry provides 14% of the industrial production, 4% of Indias Gross national Product (GDP) , and 10.63 % of export earnings. The stuff industry is second only to agriculture in providing employment to the people of India proving over 35 million employment opportunities. The textile industry in India produced over 7.58 billion in revenue compared to the United States at 7.21 billion between April and July of 2010. Indian government provides incentives to organizations exporting large amounts of tex tile products. Incentives include tax breaks on imported raw material as well as exported finished goods, cash incentives, and insurance benefits to employees of the organization.Possible Decision AlternativesHarimann International is faced with a number of decisions to be made. First Vikram Dhawan can reject the order entirely and risk losing an established node who has helped his organization grow over the past year. A second choice is to accept the order as well as the deadline of April 6th leaving the risk of not meeting the deadline. This alternative has the potential of making a substantial profit referable to the size of the order and the incentives provided by the Indian Government. This alternative also provides more work for employees of Harimann International that would not lose been provided if the order is not accepted. The alternative also has the potential for disaster in that it if the deadline is not meet the respected client could and future profits could be lo st. The third is to accept the order, not meet the deadline, and sell at a reduced price to Pioneer. This alternative also has the risk of losing an established customer and future business.Evaluation of AlternativesThree alternatives face Vikram Dhawan of Harimann International. The first is to not accept the offer and reject the proposal of delivering the product to Pioneer Trading Company. The decision would have lasting repercussions with the relationship between the two companies and inevitably cost Harimann International future profits. Harimann International will also incur a loss due to purchasing the product already and having to resale. The decision trees found in tables 3 and 4 show the loss after selling the embroidered product at 65 % of cost and the unembroidered product at 90% of cost to be a loss of $45,202.50. The second is to accept the offer with two different subjects. The first outcome is that the order is completed and delivered on time. This outcome of altern ative two will gain a profit of $315,238.The completion of the order will also confine a good relation between the two companies with the possibility of further profit for Harimann International in the future. The second outcome is some what more complicated. The second outcome consists of probabilities that Dhawan believes will occur. As seen in tables 3 and 4 the probabilities will be applied if the shipment is not delivered on time. If the order is not delivered on time Dhawan believes that the chance of 50% payment will occur 40% of the time. The payment for this occurrence will create a loss for Harimann International of $72,081. The hazard of 30% payment Dhawan believes is 40% netting a loss of $311,380. The final probability is 20% of a 20% payment of $360,720.RecommendationsAfter careful palingenesis of the two alternatives Dhawan should proceed with the order. With an 80% chance of completing the order and a profit of $315,238 he should take the risk. Tables 3 and 4 bot h show the probability in dollars of accepting the order to be in the positive at $270,132.32. Table 3 uses color codes to label the arithmetic occurring and 4 is a more simple way of presenting the decision tree. Table 1 shows the total profit that can be made by achieving the order on time. Table 2 shows the loss that will be incurred if the order is not delivered on time. Even though the possibility of incurring a $360,720 loss is possible, the probability of itoccurring is very small. With an 80% chance of completing the order on time Dhawan should take and complete the order with Pioneer Trading Company for a profit and securing future business that will also bring in more profit for Harimann International.

Orgins of the werewolf

Proposal Have you ever wondered where the word Werewolf comes from? The word is a contraction of the Anglo-Saxon word were (which means military man) and wolf werewolf, manhole. My documentary revolves around the origin of the werewolf legends. The documentary takes the point of view that there may be more fact to the so-called legends than is commonly accepted. Good Morning ladles and gentlemen and welcome to my presentation. I am here today to give reasons as to why you should support my documentary.I plead you to choose my documentary because there arent many documentaries on this particular subject and ones that are, portray a stereotypical viewpoint. I believe that the topic of werewolves Is very Interesting. Because the everyday consensus on the topic of werewolves Is one of disbelief and Ignorance. The werewolf is mentioned throughout many different cultures such as Egypt, Greece, China, the Romans, the Persians and Native American folklore. Throughout history they dupe b een portrayed as wickedness, bloodthirsty killers. There are many efferent movies and books on werewolves including The Wolfram, Cursed and Wolf.These movies portray these fascinating creatures as evil bloodthirsty monsters. In reality there have been sightings throughout the world. The Beast of Bray highway (or the Bray Road Beast) is a cryptic, or criminological, creature set-back account in 1949 on a rural road outside of Leghorn, Wisconsin. The same label has been applied well beyond the initial location, to any vague creature from southern Wisconsin or northern Illinois and all the way to Vancouver Island, Canada, that is ascribed as having similar characteristics to those reported in the initial set of sightings.Bray Road itself is a tranquility country road near the community of Leghorn, Wisconsin. In the documentary the narrator, David Attenuators would interview people whove claimed to have seen the Bray Road Beast Lorraine Undersize, a bar manager, reported clearly se eing the beast on the side of the road In 1989, and claimed It had fangs, grey-brown hair and pointed ears, Scott Bray, a dairy farmer, reported spotting strange dog on his property near Bray Road In 1989, Russell Gets, also reported spotting the beast show up from an overgrown area to stand on Its posterior feet.Heather Bowie and friends who In 1990 were chased by the beast near Loveland Road and Mike Teen, a dairy farmer, reported seeing the creature near Bray Road In 1990. Would also use voice over and spooky music to Infer that topic Is meant to be scary. I plan to have a stopping point In which the narrator and camera man would try and locate a werewolf at which time suspenseful music will play. The camera man will allow the narrator through a dense forest with shadowy, murky lighting.An atmosphere of suspense will be created. The camera is positioned 2 meters shadower revealed. The audience is positioned so that a feeling of anxiety is created. I propose the documentary sh ould air on SUBS, at night time because these creatures normally emerge from the darkness. Again I urge you to select my documentary because there arent many documentaries out there about this subject and the aim of the documentary is to reach as many people as possible to explode clickd and conventional thought.

Examining Mary Cassatt And Her Paintings Art Essay

Cassatt is possibly best- loven for her pictures of fe anthropoid rears and kids, programts which besides reflect a surprisingly new esthesia. traditionalistic premises refering childhood, child-rearing, and the topographic point of kids in society were confronting ch wholeenges during the last portion of the nineteenth century and adult females excessively were reconsidering and redefining their topographic point in in advance(p) civilization. Cassatt was sensitive to a more progressive attitude toward adult females and kids and displayed it in her art every bit good as in her private remarks. She recognized the moral strength that adult females and kids derived from their indispensable and elemental bond, a integrity Cassatt would neer pall of stand foring.The many pictures, pastels, and prints in which Cassatt depicted kids being bathed, dressed, state to, held, or suckled reflect the most advanced 19th-century thoughts about raising kids. After 1870, Gallic scientists and doctors encouraged female parents ( alternatively of wet nurses and nursemaids ) to care for their kids and suggested modern attacks to wellness and personal hygiene, including regular bathing. In the face of several cholera epidemics in the mid-1880s, bathing was encouraged non merely as a redress for thorough structure olfactory properties however as a preventive step against disease.Shortly after her victory with the Impressionists, Cassatt s expression evolved, and she moved off from Impressionism to a simpler, more straightforward attack. By 1886, she no longer identified herself with any art motion and experimented with a assortment of techniques. A series of strictly drawn, tenderly observed, yet mostly tough-minded pictures on the female parent and child subject organize the footing of her popular work. In 1891, she exhibited a series of passing original colored lithograph prints, including Woman Bathing and The Coiffure, inspired by the Nipponese Masterss shown in Paris the twelvemonth earlier.Her determination to go a professed(prenominal) creative person must h of age(predicate) seemed beyond the picket, given that serious picture was mostly the sp present of work forces in the nineteenth century.Despite the concerns of her parents, Cassatt chose business over matrimonyJanson s History of Art, Seventh Editionp. 879-880This text gives us a small penetration into the life of Mary Cassatt ( 1844-1926 ) . She was an American who was born into a pie-eyed household and raised in Pittsburgh besides influenced by Renaissance art, she approached Impressionism from a adult female s position, chiefly as a figure painter. As a female, she was frequently restricted every bit far as traveling topographic points unattended where work forces could travel. Her capable affair was attributed to these limitations. Many of her subjects include adult females reading, sing, taking tea, and bathing an baby. The Child s Bath is non merely a image about wellness, bu t about intense emotional and tangible engagement.Paul instanceCather s apprehension of the silent bounds regulating the representation of gender, and the manner they were linked to genre, explains why she chose the manner of indirection in composing her 1905 news report of a homosexual adolescent, Paul s Case. Recent developments in sexology enabled Cather to qualify Paul as a homosexual without calling his status. Through background randomness and physical description, Cather s storyteller discreetly invokes degeneration theory to explicate her supporter, alining him with the topics of recent instance surveies. After experimenting with the character of the faery, Paul uses stolen money to transform himself into a civilized, sophisticated fagot, but neither persona proves for good satisfactory. Through its mentions to Paul s gender, the narrative analyzes one peculiar merchandise of late-nineteenth-century consumer capitalist economy the middle-class, urban homosexual adul t male.How to compose it?Write your flush tide foremost it will help you to estimate decently the view-point of your narrative. The flood tide is the secret plan in brief here is a intimation as to plot determination. Take a state of affairs it may be humourous, hapless, full of enigma, or dramatic but it must be striking. Life abounds in many such, and he who goes about with his eyes open can non neglect to put digression an ample shop.The decision should follow closely on the heels of the flood tide. Its office is to pealing down efficaciously the drape on the scene. Often it dovetails in the flood tide so that we can non state where one begins and the other terminalsWhen you conceived your flood tide, doubtless some one thing stood out in bolder alleviation than all the remainder. It may hold been wit, it may hold been pathos, it may hold been inexorable calamity. Whatever it was, it is the point of the narrative, the Centre of gravitation of your narrative. You sagely gave it a puting in maintaining, and in the decision let it brood like a lingering note to be a persistent memory for many a twenty-four hours. It is the vegetable marrow of your construct, and in the debut you held it up before your reader s eyes as the game to be pursued. This we will name the subject of the composing.The elusive force-out of the Gallic school lies in the art of insinuation. It is what is left unexpressed instead than what is said that causes the greatest bang. But the illation must be field the reader s imaginativeness should non be left to build the narrative which you set out to state. Often a narrative will be saved from boredom to captivation by the power of suggestion entirely. This is peculiarly true of love scenes, deceases, and the similar, such as merely a maestro s manus at description can trust to manage efficaciously.RosebudOne of the cardinal Southern Crosss of the photographic film is the inquiry of what precisely Rosebud means. We ask this inquiry e ven though we know that well & A Co. were in portion seeking to demo that you can non cut down a adult male s enigmas to one thing. On the other manus, there is a solution to the job. It is real found in well s following movie, The Magnificent Ambersons. Throughout Welles s piano tuner calling, his most moving shows, such as his version of The Apple Tree, were about breathing out aa loss of a arcadian yesteryear, of a domestic felicity, of a quiet life. This subject does nt look to hold anything to make with Welles s existent life. It s merely something he liked, though possibly based on the loss of his female parent at an early age. The Brilliant Ambersons is his most affecting realisation of this subject in his work. Rosebud leads up to that movie. Rosebud is The Brilliant Ambersons. The small-town values and female parent s love that the snow-ball evoke aa which reminds Kane of his childhood place, and the sled called Rosebud aa are all explored in much more item and presented with an extra dollop of hurting loss, in Welles s 2nd movie.Rosebud is non a catch. As a narrative device, it is the holy grail of the movie, the engine that drives the newsman Thompson to work out the enigma of Kane, and along the manner we learn every bit much about Kane as the characters ( and the undermining overvoice of the movie itself ) can state us. But when we learn, from our privileged place as viewing audiences of the movie, what Rosebud really is, even as it is being destroyed, we besides learn that it is non a fraud, nor is it bathetic. As Bernard Herrmann s beautiful music rises in the background, we feel both the unsealing of the envelope and the ending of a life. It s a beautiful minute, one of the most expressive in all film. And you know what? In a manner, a adult male s life can be reduced to one thing, if that thing is the rich bunch of images and thoughts that Rosebud contains.The homosexual subtext in Citizen KaneWho wrote Kane? The reply is in the f acet of the movie that everyone is afraid to advert, the homosexual subtext that appears in Kane and in many of Welles s other movies. I m non speaking about his private life, in which, harmonizing to Simon Callow, Welles had a bent for pulling the support of older homosexual work forces such as Houseman, who were smitten with the young person s vivacity. Welles, a level-headed drinker, was married three times and, like Marlon Brando and Warren Beatty after him, had pretentious personal businesss with many adult females, among them Dolores Del Rio. None of this seemed to happen its manner into his movies.Womans do nt await that to a great extent in most of Welles s movies, and seldom does sex genuinely enter. Love and passion are at that place, but frequently presented discreetly. Kane offers up something of a Madonna/whore contrast, while his following movie shows dedicated adult female in a soap-operaish margarine of unanswered, frequently even unsaid, love. Although the aborted It s All True celebrated the passionate life of Latin America, Welles was truly kindle in the political relations of the clip. subsequent movies dealt with great work forces and their political lives. Welles played Othello as if he were truly married to Iago. There is the suggested colza of a newlywed in pit of Evil, and a nymphomaniac in The Trial. It s a daze to see footage from the unfinished The Other Side of the Wind in which existent lecherousness is agnize in the back place of a auto. But the combination of sex and adult females is non what we carry off from many of these movies.Male friendly relationship and its treacheries interested Welles, from one movie to another, get downing with Kane and enduring all the manner to The Big Brass Ring, a screenplay credited to Welles but eventually record by person else. As in many movies with a homosexual subtext, parts of Kane do nt do sense unless you view them from a cheery position. Why, precisely does Jed Leland feel so bet rayed by Kane? It ca nt merely be because Kane s political foolishness put back the cause of reform 20 old ages. When Leland, the flunky friend, first learns of the political shame, he walks into a saloon to submerge feelings of what? Leland, who elsewhere says he took concert dance lessons with Kane s first married womanhood and was really graceful, has no female comrades in the movie, and his reaction to Kane s political treachery far exceeds its existent weight. There s a love here that daring non talk its name.This cheery subtext provides another indicant of Welles s manus in the Kane screenplay. Welles s other great film, Touch of Evil, has a similar relationship between a powerful adult male and a flunky, in which the powerful adult male is the love of the flunky s life Welles s Quinlan and Joseph Calleia s Pete Menzies merely here, both work forces betray each other. And the entirety of The Trial merely makes sense if the movie is viewed as truly about the persecution of a homosexual adult male in a consecutive society. The cheery subtext of Kane merely adds to its enigmas and makes it a richer movie.Understanding subjects D1Personal personal identity is shaped by oneaaa?s civilization, by groups, and by institutional influences. Examination of assorted signifiers of human behaviour enhances apprehension of the relationship between social norms and emerging personal individualities, the relationships between societal procedures that influence individuality formation, and the ethical rules underlying single action.

Amore Pacific Essay

AmorePacific, the leader in the Korean commercialise for beauty crossways, was established in 1945 with a healthy focus on researching and create products based on Korean office remedies. The high society 1959, listed its shares in the Korea Stock Exchange in 1973, and changed its name to AmorePacific Corporation in 1993. Industry dynamics and stones throw of development at Amore Pacific accelerated greatly during the 1990s. Domestically, anticipated entry by multinationals forced major changes in corporate and business strategy with a rigorous refocus on cosmetics by the mid-1990s, slashing of affiliates and reduction of headcount.At the business level, it repositioned itself and its brands domestically and deepened its commitments by investing in product development and manufacturing as tumefy as securities industryplaceing/distribution in selected foreign markets, gearing itself for the quarrels of the new millennium.Suggested Assignment Questions1.Where does AmorePacif ic make most(prenominal) of its money? How has it been able to dominate the Korean market against local anesthetic firms such as LG Household and health care (HHC)? Against multinationals such as LOreal?2.Assess the performance of MNCs how do they compare against local competitors? What are the reasons for local companies outperforming MNCs?3.Which of AmorePacifics three principal internationalistic targetsFrance/Europe, china and the United Statesseems the most promising? Should a penetration strategy for the U.S./Europe differ from that for china?4.What other recommendations would you make to Suh Kyung-Bae about AmorePacifics internationalization?Class TimelineThe timeline for a typical class of 80 minutes might be as follows quantifyIntroduction5 minutesSWOT analysis and challenges faced by local companies in the face 25minutesof foreign competitorsExamination of the economics of local vs. multinational entrants20 minutes appointment of patterns in market selection and20 min utes discussion of time to come opportunitiesUpdate & Summary10 minutesTOTAL80 minutesCase AnalysisAMORE PACIFICs initial exploration of exporting face powders to ground forces based Coty, coupled with its steatimedfast market share in Korea, and its forcefulness in herbal/ kinsfolk remedies all paved the way for a successful entry into the international arena. But this path was not without the initial bumps as AmorePacific had a slow pass over success only came about after deep understanding of the various foreign markets along with committed R&D and bag investment. The oversizedgest future challenge for AmorePacific is achieving synergy across its main markets and continuing with further elaborations into new markets/ countries. For this a comprehensive strategy outlining products, production/ sourcing, marketing and distribution is required. This is important because in a very diverse world, many foreign contexts will be alien to many of the managers who must decide on cro ss-border issues. In such situations, success in home country is not enough.1)Where does AmorePacific make most of its money? How has it been able to dominate the Korean market against local firms such as LG Household and Healthcare (HHC)? Against multinationals such as LOreal?In 2004 Amore pacific nabbed a place in the top 30 companies worldwide with a 30% share of the Korean market. While that of LG Household and Healthcare stood at 8% within the same context. Amongst other reasons one of the reasons for its relatively slow progress in comparison to Amorepacific was its new-made entry into the cosmetics business along with the heavy financial and restructuring damages over the same time period. This lead to a lack of innovation on its man generally following a me-too strategy to AmorePacific. For example setting up its own chain of stores and establishing door to door gross revenue netwoek without a clear strategy. accord to exhibit 7 AmorePacfic leads the market with signifi e rectt investments in advertising, sales, and R&D 20,000 Amore women, 350 effectiveness outlets versus 39 outlets for LG, development of innovative and relevant distribution line of businesss and strong positioning of different product lines are just a few of the examples. Multinationals entering the market was relatively difficult due to the government division and disparagement of the dollar. This was magnified with the fact that the multinationals like Loreal had to import their products due to a lack of investment in production infrastructure. This lead to a higher cost of goods sold mainly due to high tariff rates of 8%. Consequently leading to a high impairmentd product to the consumer and this availability and distribution was curb to high priced departmental store channels.We can see that LG HHC was losing money, and was never very profitable in economic terms, after allowing for cost of capital. This was mainly due to expressage access/scale of distribution cosmetics was not the main business for LG HHC. On the other hand Amore Pacific enjoyed a strategic advantage over LG as all their efforts were snappered around the cosmetics business and they had greater advantages to leverage and typically get trade and consumer on their side thus share of specific market winning over total size of business. AmorePacific had been earning healthy (20%-plus) operatingmargins on the Korean cosmetic business whereas LG had seen its profitability drop down to zero in 2004.In a situation like this considering price realizations, or the willingness to pay it is difficult to back up a door-to-door sales force if youve got a 10%, 15% share of the market.2)Assess the performance of MNCs how do they compare against local competitors? What are the reasons for local companies outperformaing MNCs?Amore PacificLOrealP&GUnileverShiseidoGlobal Expansion strategyMainly centering around acquisitions in the Asian market starting off with Mininurse in China which was a well pen etrated scrape-care brand and later Yue-Sai. This enabled LOreal to bank on the existing political partys consumer and market expertise in the region without initiating heavy investment in product development, distribution or marketing strategy. Focus on inorganic growth. Shiseido favored a joint investment with local partners. ProtectionismLarge established share FDIs welcomes at much later stage in country fiscal supportGlobal movement provided the backbone for investments in the wake of Koreas financial and money market crisis. R&DVertical integration aiding operations and quick product development. Successive launches of Hera, IOPE and Sulwhasoo focalisation on different age groups, SECs and distribution channels.Focus on developing products as per Korean tastes rose after 10 days of its presence in Korea Distribution Rationalized distribution AmorePacific was operating at three distribution markets. One was mass, the other one was door to door, and the third one was speci alism Success in self developed channel of door-to-door (contributing 85% sales comprising 20,000 women employees) and agility in specialty stores (Amore undecided 350 outlets in Korea while for LG opened only 39.)Concentration on high end/ high cost department store channel. Shisiedo opened up Les Salons du Palais Royal, a high end beauty living-room in Paris in 1992 and focussed on providing beauty consulting to consumers Marketing ExpenditureStrong focus with media advertising, beauty magazines and sponsoring relevant events moving onto more innovative means of converse via magazines and new media.High investment in advertising spend and expertise in marketing vigilance. Shisiedo localised product development but used spheric modeling for marketing (Eau dIssey by Issey Miyake of Japan and Jean Paul Gaultier, named after its French creator) Cost vs. Foreignness advantageLocal manufacturing with indigenous materials sustaining prices at lower levels than MNCs. Added support th rough the Made in Korea campaign. Adapting to market conditions sticking to local celebrities albeit at higher cost to consumers Product PortfolioFocus on skin care and products developed typically for the Korean woman (products developed from home remedies with ginseng proving to be USP).Leverage of the biggest global beauty brands in its portfolio. To keep prices affordable for local consumers LOreal launched Maybelline with gnomish success in bringing down relative pricesAlso operating in household products but mainstay was Olay a person-to-person care brandLargest player in various food categories with an extensive interest in personal care Competing in global perfumes market as well as cosmetics.Brand management/restructuring Strong brand personality, project top of the line product, Asian beauty with global appeal supported by a strong diverse product line each with their distinct positioning. Scale/ relative size Amore Pacifics cosmetic presence was about three times as big versus LG. Given that R&D, and advertising should be considered fixed costs and wouldnt vary with volume assuming they spend 10% on R&D and sales, and 14%, 15% advertising, supported by a higher local share, AP can amortize the cost over their international volume.Better understanding of the market This lead to stronger strategies that were not easy to implement for multinational companies who have less flexibility and were not as prepared to come with a door-to-door sales force or the same marketing tactics. Product development and R&D Having a strong R&D infrastructure provides a strength like no other and also serves a a strong barrier to entry for multinationals. Brand loyalty Amore Pacififc has been number one in the Korean market for 60 years and has a solid line of loyal consumers and traders on its side.3)Which of AmorePacifics three principal internationaltargetsFrance/Europe, China and the United Statesseems the most promising? Should a penetration strategy for the U.S./E urope differ from that for China?ChinaFranceUSAMarket positionEconomy considered poorer and runtyer than KoreaSignificant requiring focused investment in R&D, strategy and productionV small/dual problems Market characteristicsGeographically and culturally closer. Middle of the line product range with focus on naturalist and product driven consumersDistant in consumer tastes and market peculiarities perfumes vs. skin care and makeup. Geographically distant prestige market seemingly offering higher potential. Market potentialPopulation of 1.3bn potentially with rising incomes. Considered home of cosmetics and important to gain strong foothold in global beauty business industry. Largest personal care market in size $33bn.-Which market makes most sense for cosmetic company from Korea/how do you select which market to go into? CulturalAdministrativeGeographicEconomicClose cultural ties involvingi) script The Korean alphabet (Hangeul) not developed until 1392 ii) Colonial rule China go vern North Korea from 108 B.C. to 313 A.D. iii) Similarities in values and traditions Chinese herbal medicines used in South Korea iv)Religion Confucianism and Buddhism are common religious and moral systems v)differences in concepts of beauty and levels of personal hygiene vi)varying importance, usage and importance of personal care products vii)Home bias preference for using local brandsviii)influence of traditions on personal care productsNo cultural associations with France or USA distinctly separate culture, values and traditions across both continents from that of Koreai) No shared monetary or political association ii) Little political ill will (China backing North Korea South Koreans moving toward reconciliation with North Korea iii) Democracy (South Korea) versus Communism (China)iv) High government involvement in Chinese industry presence of state-owned enterprises, many of which are inefficient and/or insolventRelatively less government involvement in South Korean indus try v)Both countries harbor suspiciousness of Japan (recent colonial memories) vi)potential discrimination against French productsNo administrative ties with France or USA disadvantage of not being part of EUCommon border in the nineteenth century, South Korea closed all borders to trade except for the one with ChinaStrong logistic set-up coupled with infrastructural investment involving production, distribution and marketing. Differences in climate poignant usage, need and type of personal care productsDisparity in disposable income levels Gap in % of wages spent on personal careDifferences in infrastructure and distribution structuresThe second part of the question should be analyzed using the ADDING value framework Adding VolumeFulfillment of the 2015 vision required global expansion with significant growth from the international markets. In 2004, Amore Pacific had international sales worth $100mn. Coming from France, China and USA and modestly from Hong Kong and Taiwan. Geogra phic affinity to China coupled with close cultural ties and similar distribution scenario vs. greater investment in R&D, brand development and marketing strategy in USA The value of growth had to pass the ROI test with business earning positive economic results coupled with greatest market potential. Decreasing CostsGlobal expansion can decrease costs through either size (scale/scope) economies or absolute economies. Size-based cost economies seem redundant in this industry product/ brand affiliations center more around brand benefit, loyalty and credibility expenditures on product development and branding are constant Similarities in opportunities across both countries includes Set-up of specialty stores prolific in both countries ROIseemingly better in USA since target market is upper SEC Retail expansion leading to price affordability of products Differentiating/Driving up Willingness to PayUSA market focused on prestige product lineBrand-building with new product line containing Asian botanicals in USAAmore Pacific beauty gallery and Spa in Soho New York adding range of mountainsry Special ingredient green tea extract adding to exclusive imageChinese consumer more product drivenGrowing popularity of Korean culture Hallyu with support from Korean film stars and celebrities image creation and brand building through beauty centers, culture halls, and Hyangjang the magazine published by Amore Pacific. Improving Industry AttractivenessEntering new territories with market relevant products perfumes in France, luxury products in USA. Constant innovation to meet continuous demands of consumers Lucrative market excellent future prospects growth expected to exceed increase in global gross domestic product Evidence of product improvements trickling down into the masstige market New trade and distribution channels enabling wider access to consumers Neutralizing RiskFrequent economic crisis on the home front leading to inflexibility of investment abroad Differing str ategies and product lines across international markets Differing consumer tastes requiring further investment and R&D short lived span for perfumes vs. long-term spans for skin care products. Generating and Upgrading Knowledge/Capabilities/Other ResourcesConstant R&D both at the technical and consumer front International aspiration multinational management, international consultants, product development and brand / corporate image repositioning4)What other recommendations would you make to Suh Kyung-Bae about AmorePacifics internationalization?Product innovationSpecialty ingredients like green teas proven success along with Korean herbal/ medicinal heritage focus for future productdevelopments Distribution structureSpecialty and discount stores gaining importance for masstige channel large scale supermarkets and hyper markets also increasing in importance to gain masstige market appeal. Party plans involving product demonstrations/sales to groups of consumers to be explored as a fu ture alternative Building brands and credibilityContinue brand / image building efforts in both upscale and mass markets Inorganic growthEvaluate acquiring smaller/ financially distressed players in both key and upcoming markets like Hong Kong and Taiwan.Can we give reference to some academic theories here, based on issues of internationalization strategy?

Dramatism and Meet the Parents Essay

The surmise of slays dramatism provides another view of grandiosity synopsis of symbolisms that have been utilized in the film. With this, the theory takes benignant relations, culture-usage, lingual properties, and the intentions and motives present within the act. The theory of dramatism by Kenneth polish off applies to the philosophical grounds of the movie, Meet the Pargonnts. Hence, within this paper, the main aim is to do the theory-based concepts of Kenneth burke in analyzing the proposed film, Meet the Parents. The theory presents itself in number of opposite arguments and contents.With the very concept of Burke presented in the theory of dramatism that states, life is a stage where the drama continues, he has proposed five components that go the analysis of human intentions, culture and other symbols present within the drama. Burke contends that any act in every given scene should possess the appropriate purpose. He further emphasizes these subtheoretical compon ents in his dramatism pentad. Within the film of Meet the Parents, miscellaneous concepts of Burkes theory have been portrayed. Under this theory, Burke bases the analysis chthonic the concepts of philosophy and symbolical criticisms.From the angles of Greg Focker and her girl friend Pam Byrnes together with her family and relatives, each component of dramatism pentad figure of speechs an interacting drama end-to-end the film. In this study, the film is analyzed through the different components of Burkes theory, namely the dramatism pentad, and the implications of human relations, culture and delivery. Discussion Theoretical Explanation of Kenneth Burkes Theory of Dramatism Dramatisim Methodology The concept of dramatism involves the concept of Shakespearian idealism of world stage wherein it considers the realistic events or practical industriousnesss of real life scenario.As for Kenneth Burke, the theoretical framework considers the world as a drama wherein real-life scenar ios are placed into a theatrical presentation. The methodology of dramatism incorporates analysis and reviewing of human relations and their motives. As support by the Gusfield (1989), dramatism is designed to show that the most direct route to the study of human relations and human motives is via a methodical inquiry into cycles or clusters of foothold and their functions (p. 135).Under this consideration, the study identifies the function of dramatism framework as an approach in emphasizing the act of language symbolism that lucubrates the conception of man and of human relations. The dramatism methodology is an ideal point of location to analyze human acts, relations, and motives in the subjects of philosophy, political science, economics, religion, literature and arts. Upon implementation, the theory suggests the importance of de experimental conditionining of the following variables in order to analyze the components of human acts, relations, and motives these are speech us ed, the writing, and the artistic styles present.According to the book of Kennedy (1989), Burke exercises his dramatism primarily upon acts that produces written texts, although he approaches all human actions as essentially salient and active, having a dynamic and beingness analyzable in the same terms (p. 100). Even with a static and immutable character of a play, the theory of dramatism considers the front end of dynamic, changeable and elusive components that maybe present within such(prenominal) plays. The dramatism form of analysis considers the inquiries what are involved in the play? What are the people doing in it?And, why are they doing these acts? (with this, the pentad form of analysis grass be considered). Burkes dramatism analyzes the content and thoughts of the drama though philosophical and conceptual framework. Dramatism is normally placed alongside classical rhetoric and tagmemics as one of the standard heuristic methods of invention. The analogy of Burkes arg ument provides the thought that in every actions human make, there is al steerings an incorporation of motives or intentions. Through critical analysis under the components of pentad, these motives of actions can be revealed.Under the concept of how drama proceeds, Burke considers the need for participants in order to establish the act. The theory of dramatism considers the human world as the continued version of what has occurred in a drama hence, calling this perspective as the rhetoric of drama. According to Styan (1992), Burke holds that man tries to control and humanize his world by means of symbolism. Symbols and symbolic structures in art are not only typically human, but all forms of symbolism must be derived ultimately from the senses (p. 4).Burke believes that the concept of symbolism can be applied in the stage setting of human intentions like the ones present in the theatrical drama presentations. It is not surprising since his concepts are very much related to the beli ef that human beings is just the continuity of the drama. With these principles of dramatism methodology, he has proposed five components to instruct the appropriate pattern analyzing given subjects under the concept of dramatism. Dramatism Pentad Personalization and Depersonalization The concept of Burke ties the twain perspectives of personalization and depersonalization.Burke is considering the subject of personification as part of the theatrical drama. These components should be considered in the dramatization method as well. In addition, the theory of dramatization incorporates the ideas of act, agent, scene, delegation and purpose that are all co-ordinated to the aspects of personification. According to Krasner and Saltz (2006), dramatism is not limited in a spatial sense, as if there were one sphere to which it can be comfortably applied and a second sphere from which it should be kept away (p.53). With this, the theoretical framework of Burke does not consider the non-pe rsonal components under the act, agent, scene, agency and purpose hence, he has conceptualized the idea of non-dramatist. The concept of non-dramatist is limited compared to the dramatist personification, which gives birth to the concept of outer limit in a double term scene. Within the aspect of personalization, the concept of dramatism centers into critical observation of the dramas five components act, agent, scene, agency and purpose.In order for an act to appear, an agent must be present to perform this act within the coverage of scene. In order to facilitate and implement the acting within the scene, the agent needs to utilize various agencies that should enable the requirements of acting. The full realization of the act is then realized by providing the appropriate and pre-determined purpose within the act. The five elements that composed the theoretical foundation of dramatism are known as the dramatism pentad.In every term of the pentad, significant type of analysis can be employed through the means of ratio, such as Scene-Act Ratio or the Scene-agent ratio, which interlinks different variables present in the pentad (Kennedy, 1989 p. 100). In Burkes dramatism pentad, every component should always be present in every given act in order to use up significance and utility. In the perspective of dramatism, these pentad components are related and form part of the entire thought of the given drama hence, every component is associated to one another.Human Interaction lyric and Culture The theory of dramatism emphasizes the use of language in facilitating communication and interaction. In addition, the theory understands the social actors possess different cultural and language variations that need to be considered in interaction. As according to Emmelman (2003), Burkes dramatism considers the angles of cultural domains and language systems under the social actors that behave according to their cultural and social hierarchies (p. 5).The concept of theoretic al Dramatism has been considered part of the influential modern rhetoric that attracted sufficient adherents and influenced the conditions of rhetoric in the twenty-first century. As according to Burkes definition, the concept of Dramatism is a method of analysis and a corresponding reappraisal of terminology designed to show that the most direct route to the study of human relations and human motives is via methodical inquiry into cycles or clusters of terms and their functions is a loosely constructed theory (Benoit, Hample and Benoit, 1992 p. 279).Burke in his theory considers man as an animal that is characterized by symbolic action that identifies itself within the context of language use. Burke considers language, cultural origin and the history of the agent as important symbolisms that provide the kernel and theme of the drama. Theoretical Application in the demand Meet the Parents Film Overview With the overview of the film, the study obtains the elements portraying the p otential parts of the dramatism analysis. The story of Meet the Parents revolves in the two characters Greg Focker and her girlfriend, Pam Byrnes.The couple is actually provision to have their wedding the soonest possible time hence, as part of tradition, Focker tries to foster some sort of familial attachments to his fiances family. In doing so, Focker has been confronted by the relatives of Byrne, including his fiances ex-boyfriend and the annoying cat. existence a type of family that is over-protective and amazingly paranoid, Pams family intensively tests the credibility of Focker as the rightful man for their daughter. The protagonist is somehow confronted by the Byrneses interrogative actions towards him.Unfortunately, the father of Pam, tinkers dam Byrnes, has been part of the CIA investigatory team, who somehow brought Focker in the extensive examination. Despite of the troublesome scenario that Focker is facing, he is aware that this is all part of the test in order to ac quire the hands of Pam. Hence, he is determined to do all his best to please and establish a good image towards his family. However, with his frequent attempts, Focker always ends up being ignored or placed in a more complicated scenario.In the film, Focker has realized the virtue that he learned from rascal, which is the Circle of Trust. This idea has facilitated the pass judgment and resolution between the courting and doubting parties. Within the circle, Focker and Jack are able to foster trust and relationship that in the end paved the way for another task, which is to meet the Fockers. In the concept of dramatism, the ending of the film provides a notion of practical continuity of the drama. Application of Dramatism Pentad ActIn application of the first level of the dramatism theory, the act component presented in the film institutes the element of family versus couples plan of marriage. This is a typical scenario in the reality set wherein the male is confronted by interrog ations of family members, which is most commonly from the womans side. In this category, the main act of Jack Byrne is to initially counter the desire of Focker to marry their daughter, Pam. On the other hand, the act of Focker is to pursue the reward, that he wants to claim, which is his marriage to Pam.Despite of his efforts and negative impression towards the family of Pam, Focker manages to build some sense of rapport towards the family of Byrnes, while Jack uses this as an advantage for further his investigation on Fockers identity and intention. The overall act of the film does not actually revolve in a broil between the womans family against Greg Focker, but rather, the act only shows the attitude of over-protectiveness of the family and tradition that they are following.Agent The agents presented within the film, mainly Greg Focker, Pam Byrnes and Jack Byrnes, facilitates the act. These characters possess different roles and perspectives in terms of rightful marriage and th e obligations of establishing a relationship. The agent Focker possesses the personality of perseverance and focus in his goal for marriage. Pam Byrnes, on the other hand, has acquired the role of a clueless fiance in terms of the dispute occurring between her father and Greg.Lastly, the agent Jack Byrnes serves as the main antagonist of the film that facilitates the act of examining Fockers credentials and candidacy for their daughter. Scene The scene of the film involves the two parties, the Focker and Byrnes, under the traditional setting of family introduction prior to marriage. The scenario in the film provides the aspect of human relationships and the type of culture being employed within the film itself. Somehow, the scenes provide an idealistic perspective on what men and women should do prior to marriage.However, within the context of the film, the incorporation of exaggerations (e. g. the examinations instituted by Jack, the character backgrounds employed within the film Jack being CIA, etc. ) have given the scene some property of japery out of the tradition theme that it aims to portray. Hence, the scene of the movie provides the traditional content in a comedy approach, which is facilitated by the agents present in the film. Agency As with the theory of dramatism, the component of agency facilitates the means for the agents to implement their acts.Within the novel, there are three possible agencies that have been utilized in order to illustrate the act of the three main agents (a) For Greg, he is able to facilitate his act as the one being scrutinized by his fiances family by his decision of meeting the Byrne family (b) For Pam, she is able to facilitate her act of being the clueless fiance by her distinct attachment towards Greg (being his fiance) and Jack (being the favorite of her father), which has given her the idea that everything is acquiring smooth with the two of them (c) lastly, Jack earns his role of being the detective of her daughte rs fiance, which has been facilitated through his background of being under the CIA profession. Purpose As per analysis of the overall plot of the story, the story illustrates its very purpose by conveying the message of how the traditional scenario should be for a family introduction in couples who are planning to get married. Somehow, the story incorporates the sense of comedy for the sake of entertainment. It has utilized some sorts of exaggerations in the characters of Jack and Greg in order to provide the aspect of their theme of comedy.Meanwhile, the message of the story is the tradition of marriage wherein the family, most especially the father of the woman, scrutinizes the man before he allows his daughter to be married. It may sometimes be as complex as shown in the movie but not that exaggerated since the movie somehow incorporates almost impossible events. Application of Human Relations, Culture and Language In application of the other concepts of the theory, the componen ts of human relations, culture and language are illustrated in diverse forms within the story. Evidently, the form employed by the film to present human relations is by the multi-links present between Greg Focker and the Byrne family.Meanwhile, the culture presented in the film is the traditional concept of marriage employed by American from the past up until today. Lastly, to further agree with the traditions and culture the film have presented, the lingual use of American English between the colloquial (Focker) and Byrnes (Formal) has somehow provided a realistic features for the two opposing parties in the film. Conclusion In the conclusion of this study, the discussion has included the theoretical frameworks of dramatism by Kenneth Burke and the film Meet the Parents. The thesis of the study subjects the application of Burkes theory of dramatism to the film Meet the Parents.As per the discussion of the theory, the concept of dramatism has involved different subcomponents tha t serve as guide in analyzing the human intentions, cultural background and lingual properties of the drama. The theory of dramatism moves in the idea of Shakespearean thought of the world as a stage hence, it has provided five subcomponents to guide the critical analysis of a drama under the rhetoric philosophy. These five subcomponents involve act, agent, scene, agency and purpose, which are all interrelated and should be present in any given drama. As per application of the theory in the given film, Meet the Parents is able to acquire all these subcomponents mainly through the character symbolisms of Greg Focker, Pam Byrne and Jack Byrne.The act of the film involves the argument between the two parties due to the decision of marriage by Greg and Pam. As part of the traditional American culture in the ideal family scenery, the film has incorporated the need for family introduction prior to marriage. However, with the diverse agencies present in the characters, the act of employing intensive examination towards the male has been portrayed. Although, the film has incorporated some aspects of exaggerations for the sake of entertainment and comedy, it was still able to relay its purpose in the message of how an American family of the female treats male whenever a family introduction is initiated. speechBenoit, W. L. , Hample, D. , & Benoit, P. J. (1992). Readings in Argumentation. Walter de Gruyter. Emmelman, D. S. (2003). Justice for the Poor A Study of Criminal Defense Work. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. Gusfield, J. R. (1989). On symbols and society. University of Chicago Press. Kennedy, M. (1989). Theorizing Composition A Critical Sourcebook of Theory and Scholarship in Contemporary Compositions. Greenwood Publishing Group. Krasner, D. S. , & Saltz, D. (2006). Staging Philosophy Intersections of Theater, Performance, and Philosophy. University of Michigan Press. Styan, J. L. (1992). Modern Drama in Theory and Practice. Cambridge University Press.

Presentation in History of the English Language Essay

When studying the development of side as a spoken communication, it shadow be argued that early new English is perhaps the most bouncy point of reference. This period brings with it a richness in material that provided clues as to how the tongue developed phoneti expecty and geographically from its roots as a secondary, regional language in an arena dominated somewhat by the French language, and largely by Latin. Although the amount of available information isnt exuberant to blushing mushroom a sufficient scenario of the linguistic lay of the land at the time, these materials are a great help in discerning the stages of development of the English language.During the last mentioned age of transition from Middle English, the language was mostly spread about in regions. This period is . . . notoriously known as the time when linguistic variation is full reflected in the written mode . . . (Nevalainen 13). Due to the heavy presence of French and Latin as the dominant vernacular s, middle English didnt have enough room to develop as a real language and was limited to regional variants that were shaped by the grammar rules of the more prominent languages at the time.This was, mostly, due to the inadequacy of standardized spelling it was difficult to come up with a fixed set of grammar rules if the people didnt have any idea of how to spell the spoken communication to be used in each situation. This changed during the sixteenth century. With the shift to early modern English came the streamlined version of the language, thanks to major standardizations in the personal manner words were spelled throughout various regions. But you cant ever get rid of local variations in language, and the early form of modern English is no different.Most of the available materials from the period concern themselves mostly with grammar reforms and the instruction of the language. The most curious thing about these documents is that despite dealing with a language that was ga ining more and more popularity as a serious vernacular, the method of instruction was still largely conducted in Latin. This proved to be difficult in centripetal the language since the two tongues were different from each other both grammatically and in inflection.Alexander Gil wrote Logonomia Anglica in 1619 as an attempt to describe the chief variants of English check to region. These are the general, northern, southern, eastern, western and poetic variants. Interestingly, these are the same regional distinctions of middle English, save for the unifying general vernacular that could be similar to what we call standard English. The weakness in Gils study is his spark offiality to the northern style although this feature gives us an outstanding view of how the morphology of early modern English developed.His renditions of spelling and pronouncing some words are indicative of the Germanic roots of English, including the use of /v/ for /f/ (the example given by Nevalainen is vill f or fill). another(prenominal) method of dialectal segregation was recorded by George Puttenham in The Arte of English Poesie (1589). Here, Puttenham gives us a view of how early middle English was segregated according to social standing, and was focused mostly on improving the aesthetic appeal of the language by identifying the livery of the court and the aristocrats as well-sounding and favorable, as opposed to the speech of a craftsman, or that of the thieves (thieves cant).Still, the dominant tongue at the time remained to be Latin, and it was in Latin that the English grammar was taught and written. This was to accommodate foreigners who wished to learn English these people acquire English via the structure of Latin, whereas locals who already practiced English learned Latin through the structure of their mother tongue.The effect of Latin in the grammar manuals during the first part of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries were apparent the use of Latin categories, or at le ast a system derived from Latin, to describe English grammar left out a chunk of what formed the structural core of English, and while the regional dialects flourished, very little attention was given to them and the focus of learning instead went to the General dialect, which would last go on to become the basis for the structure of the language today.A lot of the development that transformed the English language occurred at this time. In leaflet for Grammar (1586), William Bullokar gives us insight to the transformation of the personal noun ye into modern-day you. He also preeminenced the possible conversion of the suffix eth (e. g. loveth) into the more economical s enounce with a /z/-like crescendo. The latter, incidentally, is an example of northern dialect curiosities that made it to the general dialect.The continuous development and popularity of English as a language both written and spoken led to the precursors of modern-day newspapers. Newsletters by eminent individual s were handwritten and sent out as manuscript circulations back in 1620 as a essence of spreading important information around. A fair example is the Newdigate Newsletters that were addressed to Sir Richard Newdigate of Warwickshire from the Secretary of States office. A selection of the newsletters would go as followsThe faggot of Poland desireing a nearer Correspondence with this Crowne then has been formerly and haveing sent Over to desire his Maty to be godfather to his Daughter, his Maty was preparing to send an Envoy ExtraOrdnary thither to stand for him, when the last smear brought news ye young Princess was dead. (21) This selection, in its original form, contains plenty of scripting nuances of the period such as superscripts for the abbreviations and resembled, in all intents and purposes, formal letters of the period.In closing, it is worth to note that while the instruction and growth of English as a language during the early modern period isnt as clear as wed like it to be, there really is no denying that this period yielded a huge wealth of material to study. Thanks to works like Gils Bullokars and the missives to sir Newdigate, we can continue to study and piece together the broken pieces of the puzzle of how todays universal language evolved into what it is. WORKS CITED Nevalainen, Terttu. Introduction to Early Modern English, An. ground forces Oxford University Press, 2006. 12-27

Perceptions Of Cancer In Children Health And Social Care Essay

Cancer is a awful indisposition none of us would desire to h white-haired. Peoples may h senior diverse general perceptual experiences of cancerous neop destinationic complaint in kids, striplings and young boastfuls. Those perceptual experiences may come from the media, from health attention suppliers, an overheard narrative or from a sh are of a household who experienced it, and through these brushs, perceptual experiences of cancerous neoplastic complaint may be formed.For a 3rd universe state like the Philippines, a delayed acknowledgment of the unsoundness any bit good as forsaking of interposition may ensue partially from misinterpretations and beliefs of incurableness, wholly bring to patient mortality. Misperceptions, and thence the demands for increased support, may be greatest in a cosmos infirmary with largely patients of low socio-economic position and educational degree. Such patients may peculiarly necessitate support from political and non-governmental bureaus every bit good as private sector spouses to prolong intervention. Once public perceptual experiences of cancerous neoplastic complaint in an country are pause understood, targeted educational runs and resources may be better dedicated to assist households in demand and address misperceptions that affect patient attention. Reappraisal of cogitate literature and/or What is already cognise about the subject?In developed states, natural selection go outs for kids and striplings with malignant neoplastic disease have improved significantly over the past few decennaries for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, for case, 5-year endurance estimations for kids hoary 15 old ages and on a lower floor have increased from 60 % to up to 89 % ( smith et Al, 2010 ) . In the Philippines, in contrast, 5-year endurance for childhood malignant neoplastic disease has been estimated to be merely 5-10 % ( Ribeiro et al, 2008 ) .As suggested by surveies in other low-income states, persons per ceptual experiences, beliefs, and awareness refering malignant neoplastic disease may reach intervention decision-making ( Kumar et al, 2010 ) . In the Philippines, in add-on to misperceptions, audiences with unconventional health care suppliers such as assurance therapists may be normally practiced ( Gamboa, 1984 ) ( Kimby et al. , 2003 ) , and contribute to holds in intervention, which may in bend slump results.In developing states the principal cause of intervention failure in kids malignant neoplastic disease is abandonment ( Arora et al, 2010 ) . However, beyond fiscal and transit troubles that lead to intervention refusal and forsaking, perceptual experiences that malignant neoplastic disease is incurable may besides add to put on the line for forsaking. Thus misperceptions about malignant neoplastic disease in each scene should be care teemingy studied, so that they may be better addressed through instruction, reding and support ( Sitaresmi et al, 2010 ) .A late qualitati ve survey on parents positions on study proviso in childhood malignant neoplastic disease attention suggested that the extent and font of data known to parents about the unwellness of their kid may impact get bying ( Kastel at Al, 2010 ) . Patients themselves may be likewise affected because better support from households through good information may better communicating and patient results. The populace may frequently hold different perceptual experiences of malignant neoplastic disease than the positions of experts ( Lipworth et al. 2010 ) . A survey done about the general populace s malignant neoplastic disease understanding in the United Kingdom found that even in a outset universe state, there still may be important lacks in footings of malignant neoplastic disease consciousness ( Adlard and Hume, 2003 ) . In developing states, the demand for information and public instruction sing malignant neoplastic disease may be even more than profound.Cancer patients who are adoles cent and unvaned grownups up to 29 old ages of age may see physical and emotional challenges that are rather trenchant from those in patients of other age assemblages. A recent follow-up survey of stripling and immature grownup malignant neoplastic disease subsisters ( Kazar et al, 2010 ) reported that diagnosing during adolescence was associated with more negative self-reported psychosocial map and wellness beliefs, proposing that wellness perceptual experiences may impact well- universe even in the long term. Persons in this age classify may besides be more likely to seek wellness information online ( Koch-Weser et Al, 2010 ) and therefore potentially have different malignant neoplastic disease perceptual experiences than those in other age groups. dampen understanding different public perceptual experiences and their beginnings would let wellness suppliers to turn to misperceptions, and assist concentrate information airing on the most needful subjects. Research question/s and/or What is non yet known about the subject? 1. Amongst grownups go toing a third public infirmary in a resource-limited scene, what are some general perceptual experiences sing malignant neoplastic disease, and specifically leukaemia in kids or younger grownups?2.What are these perceptual experiences based on? ( Personal experience? Others experiences? Media? Etc. ) Significance of the survey and/or What ordain healthcare be if the answer/s to the research question/s impart be known? By better understanding public perceptual experience of malignant neoplastic disease in kids, striplings and immature grownups, wellness suppliers may be able to1. Better reference misinterpretations and assist register patients and households to get by with the unwellness2. Better address the different perceptual experiences of malignant neoplastic disease in kids, striplings and immature grownups through media, wellness attention suppliers and patients several household membersObjective/s and/or What get out this survey make? 1. To garner general perceptual experiences refering malignant neoplastic disease in kids, striplings and immature grownups, amongst grownups at a third public infirmary in Mindanao, Philippines2. To place possible precedences for public consciousness publicity and protagonism for malignant neoplastic disease in kids, striplings and immature grownups.MethodologyResearch designA qualitative survey of the general perceptual experiences of malignant neoplastic disease in kids, stripling and immature grownups at a third public infirmary in Mindanao, Philippines is proposed utilizing semi-structured wonder as the primary research attack. A personal interview was considered to be more appropriate for our puting instead than the usage of a telephone interview as non every family owns a telephone, and such studies are non parking lot in our scene. A semi-structured interview was selected in stead of a cross-sectional study to better research the n ew subject. Furthermore, Pollock et Al. ( 2010 ) late found that qualitative interviewing may be more effectual than a questionnaire in researching persons ideas on malignant neoplastic disease information in study usage of questionnaires to interview to measure malignant neoplastic disease patients satisfaction, they showed that both the quality and token provided was richer utilizing colloquial interviews.Use of a semi-structured interview allows us to utilize inquiries that were prepared in front of shave in add-on to guardianship flexibleness to follow respondents train of idea as appropriate during the interview. using open-ended inquiries will let patients to joint in their ain words their perceptual experiences instead than holding research workers categorise them, which may be peculiarly appropriate for this survey since there are no formal surveies researching this subject in the Philippines to our cognition.The interview procedure will get down in February of 2011 upon moralss blessing. Patients will be recruited from the clinics three times a hebdomad, with the end of enrolling 3-5 patients each coiffe. The brief interviews will be save on paper with infinite for every inquiry and besides be audio-recorded with participant consent, with interviews expected to last for 5-10 proceedingss. While there is an on-going audio-recording the participant is besides observed for their facial looks, position, or for non-verbal cues that can non be captured on tape. To promote variable responses, the interview manner is informal and involves open-ended inquiries. The information will be examine by inductive glut analysis with coding. Subjects will be identified from transcripts of the audio-recordings or handwritten notes for comparing and analysis. Independent reappraisal and initial cryptography of the transcripts will be conducted by the survey research workers, with attendant treatment and declaration of differences by consensus.PutingThe surve y will be held at the General Pediatric Outpatient department and Internal Medicine Department at JICA constructing during their clinic hours from Monday to Friday, 1-3pm, at the Southern Philippines medical checkup Center. Consultation starts at 8am-5pm with tiffin interruptions. The sub intensity clinics are separated. The cut off age for the general paediatricss section is 14 old ages old and below with upper limit of 50-70 patients and 14 old ages old and above for general internal medical specialty with a upper limit of 50-80 patients in a twenty-four hours. Outpatient audience fee is 30 pesos which worthless households in the bottom 30 percent income group with an mean monthly income of P6,475 in 2007 can allow ( National Statistical Coordination Board ) .ParticipantsInclusion StandardsEach of these archetypes must be met for cellular inclusion1. Watchers/care-givers or healthy patients 18 old ages old or over showing for non-acute attention at ambulatory clinics2. Engli sh- or Bisaya/Tagalog-speakers3. Those physically and mentally able, are willing to be interviewed on the subject of malignant neoplastic disease and give their consentExclusion StandardsEither of these standards being met will take to exclusion1. Watchers/care-givers or healthy patient below 18 old ages old presenting for non-acute attention at ambulatory clinics2. Watchers/care-givers of patients ( or patients themselves ) who are in short being managed for malignant neoplastic disease, or are showing to clinic for question malignant neoplastic disease ( Note Watchers/patients who are former malignant neoplastic disease patients or household members of malignant neoplastic disease patients who have completed intervention may still be included if they meet all the above inclusion standards. ) This exclusion standard attempts to protect participants who may be more emotionally affected if they or their household member were presently undergoing malignant neoplastic disease therapy besides, as a group, their experiences and perceptual experiences are likely really different that they should be considered in a separate survey. On the other manus, many may hold aged household members with a history of malignant neoplastic disease, yet remain potentially valuable sources for this survey. )Definition of footingsChildren employ here by and large for those between ages 0-13 old ages stripling and Young Adult ( AYA ) adapted from a normally used term in paediatric oncology, to mention to those aged between 13-29 old agesChildren, Adolescent and Young Adult ( CYA ) used in this survey to depict both Children and AYA as a groupCancer any malignance in the described age groups, including leukaemia and solid tumourSampling processsThose who meet the inclusion standards will be included in the survey. A maximal fluctuation purposive sampling is used to by design include individuals of different age, gender, and evident socio-economic position, as their perceptual ex periences may differ. An expected sum of no more than 40 participants are expected to be recruited to accomplish impregnation, when no new information appears to originate from concomitant interviews ( Patton, 1990 ) . Small samples can derive a better, more in-depth apprehension of topics such as persons general wellness perceptual experiences, as have been used in other surveies related to this subject. As a recent illustration, a qualitative survey with 25 survey participants was able to place of import subjects to steer prox surveies with respects to understanding immature unwritten malignant neoplastic disease patients perceptual experiences ( Grant et Al, 2010 ) .Datas assemblageMain result stepsGeneral perceptual experiences of malignant neoplastic diseaseSymptoms of malignant neoplastic diseasePercepts of how malignant neoplastic disease is diagnosed and treatedPercepts of impact of malignant neoplastic disease diagnosing, including resultsExpected beginnings of medical/ financial/psychosocial support for CYA with malignant neoplastic diseaseBeginning of information/awareness sing malignant neoplastic diseaseData handling and analysisThe interviewer will do handwritten notes of the participants responses every bit closely as possible. Audio-recording, where agreed upon by the participant, will be included to ease accurate gaining control of informations. All the interviews will be conducted by a first twelvemonth paediatric occupant doctor, with informations analysis done together with one paediatric junior adviser, and two paediatric oncology/hematology advisers. The information will be transcribed, translated and coded line by line. bring home the bacon regular police squad meetings will be held to integrate feedback and reconcile differences. The interview will be reviewed on an individual basis by at least two advisers working with CYA with malignant neoplastic disease to measure inquiries content cogency. A pilot testing of the interview procedure will be done foremost on 5-10 voluntaries ( e.g. clinical trainees or clinical support squad members ) with at least one other squad member observing, for initial feedback on interview manner and inquiry lucidity. Further pilot testing of the interview inquiries will so be done on an initial sample of 5-10 people run intoing the inclusion/exclusion standards at the out-patient section of the paediatric and internal medical specialty section of the Southern Philippines Medical Center.Ethical considerationsOral consent is proposed in stead of written consent for farther protection of patients individuality and confidentiality their real/full names are non required for the survey, and all participants will be identified by a codification name/number. Based on the inclusion and exclusion standards they should hold an accurate apprehension of the survey s focal point. Patients may anticipate that privateness will be respected and the squad s settle to make no injury. A priv y country at the out-patient section willbe do ready in instance the topics requested a small privateness. For patients/caregivers of malignant neoplastic disease patients this exit might be sensitive for them, and those households affected presently with malignant neoplastic disease are therefore excluded from the survey. A participant who becomes uncomfortable during the interview may instantly halt at any clip and all are invited to give their ideas openly. Participants are free to inquire inquiries and can bespeak more information about the survey.Dummy ConsequenceIn a qualitative person interview survey, grownups showing to a public third infirmary in Mindanao had a by and large ___perspective sing malignant neoplastic diseases in kids, striplings and immature grownups. Cancer is described as being _____ and survival is____ . Some of the most common symptoms they knew were ______ . Families who seek medical attention from this establishment are from the different categories o f the society but largely from the ____ or ___ . Percepts of how malignant neoplastic disease is diagnosed and managed included ____ . Expected outcomes most normally described included _____ . pass judgment beginnings of support for malignant neoplastic disease patients named included _______ Main beginnings of information about malignant neoplastic disease described were____ , _____ , _____ .